jueves, 2 de mayo de 2024

GALIZA:Por um Primeiro de Maio que resgate o legado do Movimento Comunista Internacional. (Galiza Vermelha)

 

Por um Primeiro de Maio que resgate o legado do Movimento Comunista Internacional.

O Primeiro de Maio é o fruito do poder político, da capacidade de mobilização que fai anos tinha o MCI (Movimento Comunista Internacional). Marx desde a Primeira Internacional criou o Primeiro de Maio como umha data na que reivindicar principalmente a jornada de trabalho de oito horas e denunciar a reprerssom mas posteriormente, a Uniom Soviética, A República Popular da China, outros estados socialistas e todo o MCI, aproveitaram ao 1 de Maio para denunciar os crimes das potências imperialistas e apoiar as diferentes revoluçons populares, as guerras populares, as luitas de libertaçom nacional e demais guerras justas.

Hoje igual que onte devemos aproveitar o 1 de Maio para denunciar os grandes crimes realizados pola burguesia ao longo do mundo. Som exemplo disto o xenocídio colonial que está a sofrer Palestina ou, a carnificina em que se transformou Ucrânia. O bombardeamento da populaçom civil de Gaza e a fame criada pola destruiçom dos depósitos de água, das terras de cultivo e o bloqueio da ajuda humanitária provoca, a desnutriçom e a morte de crianças. A barbárie do colonialismo segue viva na Palestina graças ao sionismo, aos Estados Unidos e à Uniom Europeia.

Na Ucrânia segue a guerra entre a OTAN-UE e a Rússia. A guerra entre os interesses das burguesias da OTAN-UE e os interesses da burguesia da Rússia. Umha guerra na que morrem ucranianos mobilizados pola força. Umha guerra onde morre a populaçom civil tanto do território ucraniano e como do russo. Umha guerra que transformou a Ucrânia em um ninho de fascistas e lançou umha onda de militarismo que percorre todo mundo.
Ademais esta guerra mostrou até que ponto a tendência mundial ao militarismo está presente em praticamente todos os estados. Agora toca o rearme mundial, restaurar o serviço militar e dedicar uns anos à preparaçom para a próxima guerra mundial.


Porque o enfrentamento do bando da OTAN-UE contra Rússia e contra China começou em Ásia e em África (Síria, Taiwuan, Líbia, Sudam, Mali, Níger, etc), tamém chegou à Europa em Ucrânia mas, umha guerra proxy como a de Ucrânia ao dar-se entre grandes potências imperialistas pode levar a um enfrentamento a nível mundial. Um enfrentamento militar de este tipo facilmente pode escalar a um enfrentamento nuclear e como resultado a um inverno nuclear.

Frente a o horror imperialista, a resistência da Palestina, as guerras populares da Índia e das Filipinas, as mobilizaçons contra o xenocídio, etc, segue demonstrando que som as massas as que escrevem a história. Há muitas lutas justas no mundo que os comunistas devemos apoiar mas, as pessoas que tenham interesse polo Marxismo da nossa época (o Marxismo-Leninismo-Maoismo), tenhem que ter presente que o mais importante é a linha política, que a linha política justa cria a consciência. O tempo que dedicamos a estudar a realidade social forma parte do nosso trabalho como comunistas e o trabalho nas organizaçons de massas nom pode ser umha escusa para ignorar a ciência do proletariado.


O proletariado mais avançado politicamente nom se pode deixar arrastrado polo esnobismo, por um pós-modernismo que pretendendo ser original mas que na realidade repete as mesmas velhas e podres teses dos mencheviques contra os que tivo que luitar Lenin.


O menchevismo de qualquer classe (incluído o Trotskismo) demonstrou que nom é umha guia para açom senom que simplesmente, é um instrumento para criar confusom entre o proletariado.


A consciencia ao mando!

Galiza Vermelha

Joint Declaration 2024 - Proletarian and Internationalist May Day - English and spanish

 


 

Proletarian And Internationalist May Day

 

                                             Proletarians and oppressed peoples around the world, unite!


Proletarians, exploited masses, peoples of the world it is now clear for all : imperialism is war, reaction, misery and oppression of peoples!


The imperialist powers US, EU and NATO are marching step by step towards a new imperialist world war; all countries are equipping themselves with increasingly modern and devastating armaments and foresee the use of nuclear weapons which put the future of the world at risk, combined with the growing environmental crisis. All imperialist countries strengthen their armies, militarize territories and society, prepare public opinion for war, develop a war’s economy. War originates from the global, systemic, economic crisis that requires a new division of the world.

Russian imperialism and Chinese social imperialism are, on the one hand, the target of this offensive and, on the other one, they are riding the crisis of Western imperialism, mainly the US, for a new order favourable to them, in the name of ‘new multipolar world’.

Imperialism unleashes its watchdogs as the front line in the war - see Israel, Ukraine and the governments of the countries subservient to them.


All the imperialist powers, in collusion and dispute with each other, and the governments subservient to them are united against the proletarians and peoples of the world.


Imperialism is reactionarization:old and new fascism.

All imperialist states and their subservient governments advance in the transformation of states by reducing and erasing bourgeois democracy, attacking the democratic freedoms and rights of workers and the masses, filling the prisons with political opponents, establishing more and more open forms of dictatorship, which attack the women's rights, freedom of thought, etc. and foment suprematism, racism, obscurantist culture and religious fundamentalism.


Imperialism is relative and absolute misery for the proletariat and the oppressed masses, for the impoverished petty bourgeoisie in the cities and countryside.

It means cutting of wages, precariousness, unemployment, cutting of social spending, healthcare, school, environment; widening of the gap between rich and poor regions; new slavery, youth unemployment, women's inequality; high cost of living.

In the countries oppressed by imperialism all this is aggravated by the permanence and conservation of national, colonial, semicolonial and feudal oppression


IT'S RIGHT TO REBEL! IT IS RIGHT TO FIGHT TO WIPE OUT THE IMPERIALIST SYSTEM FROM THE FACE OF THE EARTH!


In all the countries of Asia, Latin America and Africa, popular revolts and anti-imperialist struggles are developing, often bloodily repressed, to the edge of genocide, as is the case today in Palestine. And the war of imperialism and lackey governments continues against the people's wars in India, the Philippines, Turkey, Peru and against all the forces in the world that pursue the revolutionary path of the people's war.


In these objective conditions the need for revolution increases.

The need for a genuine revolutionary path, able to make New Democratic, socialist revolutions advance and win, in a context of the world proletarian revolution marching to communism.

To achieve this goal, the experience of proletarians and peoples in struggle (the Commune of Paris, the October Revolution, the Chinese Revolution and the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution) historically showed that three tools are indispensable to fight and win.

The revolutionary, communist Marxist-Leninist-Maoist Party of the proletariat, as organized vanguard detachment of the working class, vanguard political fighter, equipped with strategy and tactics suited to the conditions of each country for the seizure of political power, the construction of the Dictatorship of the proletariat and new State.

The united front of proletariat and people’s masses.

In the imperialist countries this requires the leadership and majority participation of the proletariat and its central nucleus, the industrial working class, which allies the poor masses, the students, the impoverished sectors of the urban and agricultural petty bourgeoisie.

In countries oppressed by imperialism the fundamental alliance is between workers and peasants who unite the poor masses and the large sectors that suffer national, colonial, semicolonial, feudal oppression.

The proletarian revolution requires armed struggle, as vanguard and mass struggle, and the construction of the people’s army to wage class war and revolutionary war resulting in people’s insurrection for the seizure of state power and the construction of the proletarian state, indispensable for the socialist transformation, marching, with all the countries of the world, to communism.

It is Fundamental in this process the slogan of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution:

The working class must lead everything.

We need the unity of the communists, in the fire of the class struggle in close connection with the masses, who fight revisionism, economism, wright opportunism and ‘left opportunism’, factor of sectarianism, division in the ranks of the communist movement.

Let us unite under the leadership of the proletariat to make the peoples of the world towards the world advance to world socialist revolution, to eradicate imperialism and thereby establish communism on earth.

We need an international conference and a new international organization of Marxist-Leninist-Maoist parties and organizations, at the stage possible today, of coordination, unity of action and the working out a new general line of the international communist movement.



Free Palestine – Stop the Zionist/imperialist genocide – Support the Palestinian Resistance until victory!

Support people's wars in all countries of the world!

Stop imperialist war and fascism!

Defend the lives and conditions of political prisoners!

Unleash the fury of women as a powerful force of the revolution!

Death to imperialism / the future is socialism and communism!

Long live Marxism-Leninism-Maoism!

Long live proletarian internationalism!



Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan

Construction Committee of the Maoist Communist Party of Galicia

Communist Party of India (Maoist)

Communist Party of Turkey - Marxist Leninist (TKP-ML)

Communist Worker Union (mlm) Colombia

Maoist Communist Party – Italy

 Proletarian Party Of Purbo Bangla( PBSP/Bangladesh)

 Red Road of Iran (Maoist group)

 Revolutionary Communist  Party of Nepal. 

Worker Voice - Malaysia

Chinese Proletarian Alliance Communist Party

Revolutionary Maoist Coalition - USA


ps

other signatures are possible  - adress:maoistroad@gmail.com 


Texto en castellano

 

Primero de Mayo proletario e internacionalista


¡Proletarios y pueblos oprimidos del mundo entero, uníos!

 

Proletarios, masas explotadas, pueblos del mundo, ahora está claro para todos: ¡el imperialismo es guerra, reacción, miseria y opresión de los pueblos!

Las potencias imperialistas de EE.UU., la UE y la OTAN están marchando paso a paso hacia una nueva guerra imperialista mundial; todos los países se están equipando con armamentos cada vez más modernos y devastadores y prevén el uso de armas nucleares que ponen en riesgo el futuro del mundo, combinado con la creciente crisis medioambiental. Todos los países imperialistas fortalecen sus ejércitos, militarizan los territorios y la sociedad, preparan la opinión pública para la guerra, desarrollan la economía de guerra. La guerra es originada por la crisis económica sistémica global, que requiere una nueva división del mundo.

El imperialismo ruso y el socialimperialismo chino son, por un lado, el blanco de esta ofensiva y, por otro, aprovechan de la crisis del imperialismo occidental, principalmente de los EE.UU, en busca de una nueva marco global que les favorezca, en nombre del ‘nuevo mundo mulipolar’

El imperialismo desata a sus perros guardianes como primera línea de la guerra: véanse Israel, Ucrania y los gobiernos de los países subordinados a ellos.

Todas las potencias imperialistas, en colusión y pugna entre sí y los gobiernos subordinados a ellas están unidos contra los proletarios y los pueblos del mundo.

El imperialismo es reaccionarización: viejo y nuevo fascismo.

Todos los estados imperialistas y los gobiernos sus lacayos avanzan en la transformación de los estados restringiendo y borrando la democracia burguesa, atacando las libertades y derechos democráticos de los trabajadores y las masas, llenando las cárceles de opositores políticos, estableciendo formas de dictadura cada vez más abiertas, que atacan los derechos de las mujeres, libertad de pensamiento, etc. y fomentan el supremacismo, el racismo, la cultura oscurantista y el fundamentalismo religioso.

El imperialismo es miseria relativa y absoluta para el proletariado y las masas oprimidas, para la pequeña burguesía empobrecida de las ciudades y del campo.

Recorte de salarios, precariedad, desempleo, recorte del gasto social para la sanidad, la escuela, el medio ambiente; ampliación de la brecha entre regiones ricas y pobres; nueva esclavitud, desempleo juvenil, desigualdad de las mujeres; alto costo de vida.

En los países oprimidos por el imperialismo todo esto se ve agravado por la permanencia y conservación de la opresión nacional, colonial, semicolonial y feudal.

¡LA REBELIÓN SE JUSTIFICA! ¡ES JUSTO LUCHAR PARA BORRAR EL SISTEMA IMPERIALISTA DE LA FAZ DE LA TIERRA!

En todos los países de Asia, América Latina y África se desarrollan revueltas populares y luchas anti-imperialistas, a menudo reprimidas sangrientamente, hasta llegar al genocidio, como ocurre hoy en Palestina. Y la guerra del imperialismo y los gobiernos su lacayos continúa contra las guerras populares en India, Filipinas, Turquía, Perú y contra todas las fuerzas en el mundo que siguen el camino revolucionario de la guerra popular.

En estas condiciones objetivas, se desarrolla la necesidad de la revolución.

La necesidad de un auténtico camino revolucionario, capaz de hacer avanzar y ganar las revoluciones de Nueva Democracia, las revoluciones socialistas, en un contexto de revolución proletaria mundial que marcha hacia el comunismo.

Para lograr este objetivo, la experiencia de los proletarios y los pueblos en lucha (Comuna de París, Revolución de Octubre, Revolución China y Gran Revolución Cultural Proletaria) demuestra históricamente que las tres herramientas para luchar y vencer son indispensables.

El Partido Revolucionario del proletariado, comunista, marxista-leninista-maoísta, destacamiento organizado de vanguardia de la clase obrera, luchador político de vanguardia, dotado de estrategia y táctica adecuadas a las condiciones de cada país, en función de la conquista del poder político, para la construcción de la dictatura del proletariado

El frente único del proletariado y masas populares.

En los países imperialistas esto requiere la dirección y participación mayoritaria del proletariado y su núcleo central, la clase obrera industrial que se alía con las masas pobres, los estudiantes, los sectores empobrecidos de la pequeña burguesía urbana y rural.

En los países oprimidos por el imperialismo la alianza fundamental es entre obreros y campesinos que unen a las masas pobres y a los grandes sectores que sufren la opresión nacional, colonial, semicolonial, feudal.

La revolución proletaria requiere lucha armada, de vanguardia y de masas, y la construcción del ejército popular para conducir la guerra de clases y la guerra revolucionaria que desemboque en la insurrección popular por la conquista del poder estatal y la construcción del Estado proletario, indispensable para la transformación socialista, marchando, con todos los países del mundo, hacia el comunismo.

Fundamental en este proceso es la consigna de la Gran Revolución Cultural Proletaria:

La clase obrera debe dirigir todo.

Necesitamos la unidad de los comunistas marxistas-leninistas-maoistas, en el fuego de la lucha de clases en estrecha conexión con las masas, que luchan contra el revisionismo y neorevisionismo, el economicismo, el oportunismo de derecha y de 'isquierda'  factor de sectarismo y división en las filas del el movimiento comunista.

Unámonos bajo la dirección del proletariado para hacer avanzar a los pueblos del mundo hacia la revolución socialista mundial, es decir, erradicar el imperialismo y así establecer el comunismo en la Tierra.

Necesitamos una conferencia internacional y una nueva organización internacional de partidos y organizaciones marxistas-leninistas-maoístas, en la etapa posible hoy, de coordinación, de unidad de acción y elaboración de la nueva línea general del movimiento comunista internacional.

¡Palestina libre – detener el genocidio sionista/imperialista – apoyar a la Resistencia Palestina hasta la victoria!

¡Apoyar las guerras populares en todos los países del mundo!

!Alto a la guerra imperialista y al fascismo!

!Defender las vidas y condiciones de los presos políticos!

!Desencadenar la furia de las mujeres como fuerza poderosa de la revolución!

¡Muerte al imperialismo, el futuro es el socialismo y el comunismo!

¡Viva el marxismo-leninismo-maoísmo!

¡Viva el internacionalismo proletario!

 

Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan

Construction Committee of the Maoist Communist Party of Galicia

Communist Party of India (Maoist)

Communist Party of Turkey - Marxist Leninist (TKP-ML)

Communist Worker Union (mlm) Colombia

Maoist Communist Party – Italy

 Proletarian Party Of Purbo Bangla( PBSP/Bangladesh)

 Red Road of Iran (Maoist group)

Revolutionary Communist  Party of Nepal. 

Worker Voice - Malaysia

Chinese Proletarian Alliance Communist Party

Revolutionary Maoist Coalition - USA

TURQUIA: May Day in Turkey

 


 







martes, 30 de abril de 2024

INDIA: Long Live International Working-class May Day! Communist Party of India (Maoist)


 Workers of all Countries Unite!

Long Live International Working-class May Day!
Let us pledge on this May Day to intensify Revolutionary War against
Capitalism-Imperialism, Domestic Big Bourgeoisie and Feudalism to end the Imperialist war on the People of the World!

 
The proletariat of the world is going to celebrate May day this year in the situation of rising danger of another World War/atomic war. Imperialism fell deep into the mire of general crisis and all its attempts to overcome it have failed. So, the major imperialist countries are contending for re-division of the world in a bid to gain hold on the countries over the world for raw material and markets.
This is the year of the 100th death Anniversary of the great Marxist teacher Comrade Lenin. He said, ―Modern monopolist capitalism on a world-wide scale — imperialist wars are absolutely inevitable under such an economic system, as long as private property in the means oproduction exists‖ in ‗Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism‘.On this May Day, the parties and organisations of the proletariat in all countries demonstrate proletarian internationalism in various forms. 

The celebrations of May Day once again strongly bring
forth that there is ‗A World To Win‘. Monopoly capital is exploiting the labour force like a leech in an increasingly unprecedented manner in various forms. Accumulation of capital is going on in a large scale. This is leading to sharpening of the fundamental contradictions at the international level – 1. The contradiction between imperialism and oppressed nationalities and people 2. The contradiction between bourgeoisie and proletariat in capitalist, imperialist countries 3. The contradictions among imperialist countries and among monopoly capitalist groups.
Inequalities between the rich and the poor of the world are increasing more and more. The billionaires are moving in the direction of becoming trillionaires. Poverty is deepening to the extent of the deepening of the world economic crisis. The greed of the imperialists for profits is leading to social and environmental catastrophes all over the world. People are being deprived of minimum social milieu due to racism, fascism and war created by the capitalist-imperialists and exploitive ruling classes.Flood or famine has become a normal feature of any country. Global warming reached beyond limit.
Breaking the records of 2023 that was said to be the warmest year until date, 2024 recorded maximum temperature in history in the first two months itself.
The so called Third and Fourth Industrial revolutions are not innovations for the development of humankind but connivances to accumulate more and more capital by monopoly finance capital.
Technological development is leading to large scale unemployment and destroying the development of productive forces in all sectors. This is in stark contrast with the world population that now reached 8 billion. It is also estimated that it is increasing by 85 to 90 million every year. Artificial Intelligence undermines human labour without which the world would not have been what it is. Labourers are mainly engaged at dead cheap wages. In spite of all its attempts, world capitalist-imperialist system is unable to overcome the crisis.
Near facts show that in 2023, GDP growth rate was 2.9 percent in US, 5.2 in China, 0.6 in France, -0.3 in Germany and 5.5 percent in Russia. Inflation was at 3.4 percent in US, - 0.3 percent in China,4.1 in France, 3.8 in Germany and 7.4 in Russia. Unemployment rate is 3.7 percent in US, 5.1 in China,7.3 in France, 3.1 in Germany and 2.9 in Russia. We can understand that the imperialist economies are in a vulnerable situation. This also explains that the world economic crisis is further becoming a burden on the people of the world.
All imperialist countries brought a heavy increase in defence and related research after the Russia-Ukraine war. US allotted 858 billion dollars in 2023. It is in the first place in international arms trade with a share of 37 percent. The defence expenditure of China is at 225 billion dollars. It is the 5th biggest arms exporter after US, Russia, France and Germany. US is developing an utmost dangerous nuclear arms system, the Conventional Prompt Global Strike (CPGS) for the past one decade. It continues to hold military exercises with its allies in various parts of the world.
The war situation is ever bringing forth the issue of refugees. The situation is giving rise to racist sentiments and dividing the working class people. Imperialist wars are creating lakhs of refugees in the countries of imperialist war. While Ukrainian refugees still do not find a proper living, Palestinian refugees are in worse conditions. They lost their lands, homes, families and everything. The Palestinian race is facing the danger of extinction. Israel Zionists supported by US imperialists came out with their utmost anti-human nature when they bombed the people waiting for food aid trucks.
Migrants are another creation of the imperialist system. Poverty and unemployment are leading the people of mostly the semi-colonial, semi-feudal countries to mostly capitalist-imperialist countries in search of work. The UN‘s International Organisation of Migrants (IOM) came out with data that 281 million international migrants involved in both manual and mental labour, create 10 percent of the global output. Above half a lakh people of the world have either died or disappeared in their attempt to migrate.
Pandemic is one danger the human race is increasingly becoming prone to, due to the activities of the merciless monopoly capital. Scientists warn that any new pandemic might lead to the death of nearly 5 crore people all over the world.
The war in Palestine is showing effect on the neighbouring countries mainly Lebanon, Iran and Yemen. Germany, an important ally of the US is facing pressure from the people of the country for supporting Israel in the case filed in the International Court of Justice (ICJ) against its genocide on Palestine. ICJ brushed away the issue with simply saying no to genocide. With mounting pressure from the people of the country and the world, the US was forced to make a statement against killing of people in Palestine. It was not against war. The people of the world are more and more realising that imperialists need war and that they need to fight the imperialist war.
The imperialist countries are facing crisis domestically also. There were large scale
demonstrations against the fascist AfD party in Germany, in the capital city Berlin. People held demonstrations in around 100 places over the country against the move of the government for mass deportations of migrants and refugees. The Supreme Court of Israel passed a judgment on the first day of this year against the reforms in judiciary, proposed by the government last year. It also warned that the government has no right to govern the judiciary or go against the Constitution.
The ruling classes of the capitalist-imperialist and semi-colonial, semi-feudal countries are hectically trying to retain their power through elections. But the people have realised the falsity of elections. Vote almost turned into mere rigging. The people of the world no longer have illusions in the ruling classes. They believe in struggle and struggle alone to better their lives.
The economic, political situation of the world is leading to struggles all around the world, to those of the workers, peasants, middle bourgeoisie, the women, the indigenous and every oppressed class and section. The year 2024 witnessed remarkable struggles of workers, especially in the imperialist countries.
Auto-workers started a big strike that started from the US and spread to Canada. In Germany,air and rail workers went on strike in March demanding better pay. The strike brought the traffic almost to a stop. Farmers of Italy, Spain and other European countries held a demonstration in Brussels protesting the laws of the European Commission, coinciding when an EU summit was going on. The laws relate to green regulations and cheap imports that end agriculture. This apart there were demonstrations in Portugal, France, Belgium and Greece. Public sector workers of North Ireland were on a 24-hour strike in January this year. They demanded pay hike that was stopped for the past three years in spite of rise in cost of living. Cargo workers of Oakland port of US stopped a war ship taking arms for Israel.
Coming to other countries, in India farmers once again took to struggle for Minimum Support Price for their crops. Indigenous people are demanding their rights on the forests and they are continuing their militant struggles for last 4 years. Workers are taking up periodic general strikes together with Bank Employees Unions and those in other public sector enterprises. Garment workers of Bangladesh, the major garment exporting country to the Western countries are on strike demanding pay hike and better working conditions. Doctors in South Korea are on strike against the government‘s proposal to increase medical school admissions by 65 percent.

Women are increasingly facing the wrath of imperialist policies. They are a source of cheap and reserve labour for policies of globalisation. 76 percent of all unpaid activities of health sector are done by women, according to a report of the World Health Organisation. There is increasing domestic and state violence on women. About one and a half lakh women of Mexico came together on the International Women‘s Day to protest violence on them. Nearly 10 women were killed every day in the country in 2023. Similar situation is seen in many parts of the world.
The indigenous people of Brazil are making struggles against the burning of Amazon forest by the governments in the interest of imperialist projects. The tribal people of Eastern and Central India and other states are fighting against their displacement forced by the government in favour of the domestic comprador bureaucratic bourgeoisie and big landlords. Tribes of few African and other Latin American countries are in the path of struggle for their right to land, forest and water. Students, teachers and people of all walks of life came out into the streets to condemn Israel‘s war on Palestine, in several countries of the world including United Kingdom and United States. Two and a half lakh people held a demonstration in front of the White House demanding a stop to war on Palestine and US involvement in it. The first black President of Harvard University was forced to resign for she spoke against Zionism. These sections, employees, the unemployed and other sections affected out of imperialist globalisation policies are more and more coming into the streets. Almost every country in the world is in flames of struggle of one or the other kind.


The Communist parties in semi-colonial, semi-feudal India, Philippines and Turkey are in the path of Protracted People‘s War. They are uniting and building struggles among the workers, peasants,petty bourgeoisie and national bourgeoisie and all the oppressed sections against imperialism, big bourgeoisie and big landlords. The areas of the revolutionary movement are being bombed through drones and there is intense repression in various forms amidst which the people and the party are marching forward. The struggles of the oppressed people and oppressed nationalities of the world suggest that they are increasingly realising the only path for their liberation, the path of revolution.
Release of political prisoners is one issue of concern that the proletarian forces need to address in a stronger manner. In a bid to retain their exploitation and oppression, the imperialists, bourgeoisie and landlords are indulging in more and more ruthless forms of repression. Thousands of revolutionaries, democrats and people‘s activists are in the enemy dungeons. We need to bring more pressure on the governments for their release.
The proletarian parties of the world must accomplish New Democratic Revolutions in the path of Protracted People‘s War in semi-colonial, semi-feudal countries; Socialist revolution in capitalist-imperialist countries. Therefore, we must build determined Bolshevik parties that construct proletarian People‘s Army and Revolutionary United Front. These parties must work in mutual solidarity. It is the duty of the world proletarian parties to build and unite the anti-imperialist struggles and nationality liberation struggles. These must strengthen enough so as to ‗transform the imperialist war into a civil war‘, fight against imperialism, domestic comprador bureaucratic bourgeoisie and big landlords. Only thus we can establish Socialism and later Communism where there is no space for exploitation and oppression.


Yes. This is the ‗dawn of proletarian revolution‘. On this day of the International Working Class, the Communists pledge to strengthen proletarian internationalism, through struggles among workers, peasants and other oppressed classes and nationalities of the world. They pledge to unite these classes against imperialism and all sorts of reaction and all shades of revisionism and neo-revisionism. They pledge to make efforts to unite with forces against imperialism and for the liberation of nationalities. They pledge to intensify class struggle in all spheres, to continue to extend support to the struggles of the oppressed classes and sections.


Long live Proletarian Internationalism!
Down with Imperialism!
Down with revisionism and neo-revisionism!
Long live Marxism-Leninism-Maoism!

Let us unite in the efforts for World Socialist Revolution

jueves, 25 de abril de 2024

MÉXICO: LUIS ENRIQUE LÓPEZ LÓPEZ ¡PRESENTE!


... "Canta canta compañero, que tu voz sea disparo/ 

que con las manos del pueblo no habrá canto desarmado"

Alí Primera

 

El pasado lunes 22 de abril falleció nuestro compañero Luis Enrique López López luego de una agotadora batalla contra la leucemia que le arrebató la vida.

Luis Enrique era integrante de la Corriente del Pueblo Sol Rojo, y a su corta edad de 32 años tenía en su haber destacados méritos.

Siendo apenas estudiante de telesecundaria se unió a la lucha organizada de su comunidad natal, Cerro Grande, San Francisco Ixhuatán. Una pequeña población rural de larga tradición SolRojista. Junto a su familia se sumó a la huelga de pagos contra las altas tarifas de CFE y apoyó la lucha de resistencia contra la imposición del megaproyecto minero Cerro Grande II.

Luis formó filas en las columnas de campesinos pobres y pescadores que luchaban bajo el mando de Luis Armando Fuentes Aquino, el querido Comandante Gato. Ahí aprendió a combatir con disciplina participando en vigorosas acciones y movilizaciones de masas contra el latifundio y el paramilitarismo en la Zona Oriente del Istmo.

Siguiendo a Luis Armando, el compañero Luis Enrique participó en la lucha contra la imposición del megaproyecto eólico de Mareña Renovables, apoyando a los pueblos de San Dionisio del Mar y Álvaro Obregón para la defensa de la Barra Santa Teresa y la zona lagunar. Una ejemplar lucha que culminó con el triunfo de los pueblos Ikoots y Binniza´ derrotando al imperialismo español.

Después de unos años Luis pidió permiso a su familia para seguir estudiando y llegó a la Ciudad de Oaxaca donde se adhirió al Movimiento Estudiantil Popular (MEP-Mx) ingresando a la facultad de Bellas Artes. A Luis le apasionaba el arte popular y la música; colaboró con algunos proyectos culturales haciendo stencil y grabado, realizando pintas de protesta por la ciudad. Participó en campamentos juveniles presentando aportaciones culturales, cantando y sonriendo siempre.

Como muchos otros jóvenes revolucionarios, tomó posición por el maoísmo en el momento de la ruptura contra el revisionismo hoxhaista y su filia electorera, y se enlistó como combatiente popular en la toma de tierras siendo activo en la autodefensa comunitaria aplicando las enseñanzas del Comandante Gato.

Luis fue parte del mar de masas que fundó la comunidad Francisco Villa, y fue precursor en la construcción de las Brigadas Juveniles del Pueblo (BJP) en dicho lugar.

Luis Enrique fue preso político durante el sexenio de Peña Nieto, acusado de terrorismo y portación de explosivos de uso reservado del ejército mexicano, estuvo recluido en las cárceles federales de Tepic, Nayarit y Mengolí, Oaxaca; además en la cárcel estatal de Etla, Oaxaca.

El compañero Luis Enrique servía al pueblo de todo corazón, y cuando las comunidades del Istmo se vieron afectadas con el terremoto del 2017 formó parte de las brigadas de rescatistas que acudieron en apoyo bajo la jefatura de Javier López Martínez, el destacado Comandante Rojo. Luis no escatimó el trabajo y los esfuerzos en dicha labor.

Su última participación la hizo los días 9, 10 y 11 de junio de 2023 en el Encuentro Nacional de Colectividades por la Nueva Democracia, cuya sede fue la comunidad Francisco Villa. Junto a sus compañeros musicales tocó cumbias de protesta alegrando el evento, llamando jocoso y enérgico a “sostener la lucha contra los tiranos y no perdonarle nada a quienes traicionan la revolución”.

La vida de Luis estuvo marcada por su organización de principio a fin. Nació en una comunidad SolRojista en el Istmo de Tehuantepec y falleció en otra comunidad SolRojista en los Valles Centrales.

En ambas comunidades sus compañeros le han despedido con honores. Una bandera roja y el cariño de las masas le acompañaron en su viaje final al Istmo, donde fue sepultado junto a su madre.

Hoy su nombre se inscribe en el muro de honor de los héroes del pueblo, erigidos en mártires de la revolución proletaria.

LUIS ENRIQUE LÓPEZ LÓPEZ…

¡PRESENTE, PRESENTE, EN LA LUCHA COMBATIENTE!

ITALIA: 25th avril - anniversary of the victory of Italian Antifascist Resistance - national poster



 

viernes, 19 de abril de 2024

IRAN: - Ain al-Assad II Khamenei and the IRGC chiefs Noisier but more fake!

 


 عین الاسد دوم خامنه ای و سران سپاه 

پر سر و صداتر اما پوشالی تر!

 

«پاسخ سخت» اجرایی شد!

بالاخره خامنه ای و سران پاسداراش«پاسخ سخت» کذایی شان را به حمله‌ی‌ اسرائیل به کنسول‌گری ایران و کشتن  ۷ نفر از فرماندهان ارشد سپاه قدس از جمله محمدرضا زاهدی فرمانده سپاه قدس در سوریه و لبنان  دادند و«انتقام سخت» شان را گرفتند!

این امر طی عملیاتی با نام «وعده صادق» و طبق اخبار با شلیک 185 هواپیمای بدون سرنشین و 36 موشک کروز و همچنین 110 موشک بالستیک نقطه زن به اسرائیل صورت گرفت که تقریبا اکثریت آنها( به گفته ی دولت اسرائیل 99 درصد از آنها) در هوا و پیش از آنکه به اسرائیل برسند به وسیله ی آمریکا، انگلیس، فرانسه ، اردن و یا در فضای کشور به وسیله ی نیروهای نظامی اسرائیل منهدم شدند.

اطلاع دادن زمان حمله به آمریکا و اسرائیل

حمله البته غافلگیرانه نبوده است. گویا از سه روز پیش از آن، ساعت و تعداد و نوع پهپادها و موشک هایی که قرار بوده است به اسرائیل شلیک شود مستقیم و یا به وسیله ی کشورهای عربی به دولت آمریکا اطلاع داده شده بود. بنابراین هم آمریکا و هم دیگر کشورها از جمله اسرائیل دقیقا از تمامی ابعاد حمله خامنه ای اطلاع داشتند و می توانستند بهتر برنامه ریزی کرده و پهپادها و موشک ها را رهگیری و نابود کنند.

برنامه ریزی برای ریختن معدود هواداران خامنه ای به خیابان و به راه انداختن جشن پیروزی

در کنار این حمله در نقشه ای از پیش برنامه ریزی شده به وسیله ی سپاه و دیگر ارگان ها، مشتی از حزب اللهی ها و نان خورها را به خیابان ها فرستادند تا همزمان با شلیک پهبادها و موشک ها به قیل و قال بپردازند و در حالی که هنوز حمله به سرانجام نرسیده و نتایج عملی آن روشن نبود طبق معمول این « پیروزی بزرگ» را جشن بگیرند.

«خاتمه ی عملیات»

و بالاخره باقری یکی از سران سپاه، پس از شلیک پهپادها و موشک ها گفت که عملیات از نظر جمهوری اسلامی«خاتمه » یافته و «قصدی برای ادامه ی عملیات» ندارد.(گویا وی و دیگر سران سپاه و خامنه ای امیدوارهستند که سخنان شان گوش شنوایی به ویژه از جانب آمریکا که در جریان همه نکات قرار دارد پیدا کند و این کشور مانع از پاسخ متقابل اسرائیل شود!)

حمله ی پر های و هوی و پرخرج اما توخالی

و اما برمبنای اخبار منتشر شده از جانب دولت اسرائیل اکثریت این پهپادها و موشک ها یا در حال رسیدن به اسرائیل و یا در فضای اسرائیل سرنگون شدند و تنها برخی از آنها به زمین اصابت کرده که خسارت جدی ای به همراه نداشته است. بر طبق گفته های دولت اسرائیل یکی از موشک ها توانسته به زیرساخت های یکی از پایگاه های هوایی اسرائیل آسیب وارد کند و در ضمن یک دختر بچه ی عرب از ناحیه سر زخمی شده که در بیمارستان بستری و در حال مداوا است. (نتایج حمله دیر یا زود و به وسیله ی منابع مستقل تر بیشتر مشخص می شود و امکان وارسی قضیه بیشتر فراهم می گردد).

در اعلامیه ی خود با نام حمله اسرائیل به کنسولگری ایران در سوریه به تاریخ 16 فروردین 1403 نوشتیم:

«با این حال، خامنه ای و جریان هسته ی مرکزی قدرت از«پاسخ سخت» سخن می گویند و روشن نیست که این بار نیز دولت خامنه ای و پاسداران اش از طریق نیروهای نیابتی شان«پاسخ سخت» می دهند و در عراق و یمن به مواضع آمریکا و یا کشتی ها حمله می کنند و یا خودشان مستقلا وارد عمل گردیده و مثلا موشکی به اسرائیل شلیک می کنند.

در مورد موشک زدن، مشکل که اگر هم خودشان موشکی شلیک کنند آن را به داخل شهرهای اسرائیل بزنند زیرا برایشان آخر و عاقبت آن مشخص نیست و بنابراین شاید بتوان بیشتر احتمال داد که اگر همچون«انتقام سخت» از آمریکا برای ترور قاسم سلیمانی چنین کنند، چند موشک به خاک اسرائیل در مرز سوریه شلیک کنند! گرچه این بار پیش از آن به اسرائیلی ها خبر نخواهند داد!»( گویا نظر ما درمورد خبر ندادن درست نبوده و حضرات مستقیما و یا از طریق دولت های واسط به آمریکا و در نتیجه به اسرائیل اطلاع دادند!)

دلایل اصلی خامنه ای برای «پاسخ سخت»

اگر آنچه دولت اسرائیل می گوید راست باشد آن گاه این حمله ای پرسرصدا اما توخالی و پوشالی بوده است. یک هارت و پورت پرخرج که از میان دلایلی که خامنه ای و سران سپاه دارند دو دلیل مهم تر از دیگر دلایل است:

واکنش به تحقیر شدن در مقابل ارزشی های داخلی و نیروهای نیابتی

یکی تحقیرشدن خامنه ای و سران پاسدار در نزد نیروهای داخلی پشتیبان حکومت و همچنین  نیروهای نیابتی شان در منطقه در جریان حمله دولت اسرائیل به کنسولگری  و کشتن 7 تن از فرماندهان سپاه قدس و به اصطلاح خواست این که خود را از این خوارشده گی بیرون کشند و گردن در مقابل اینها به فراز در آورند و باد در پوست شان کنند که« 60  سال است دولتی به اسرائیل حمله نکرده و چندین قدرت جهانی مشغول زدن پهپادها و موشک های ما شدند» و از این گونه...

حمله ی خامنه ای به جنبش زنان و توده ها

و دوم شرایط داخلی و وضعیت اقتصادی و سیاسی اسفباری که برای اکثریت توده ها وجود دارد و هر دم بدتر شده و امکان برخاستن توده ها و شکل گیری خیزش ها را در خود دارد.

گفتی است که طی همین ده روز پیش از«حمله» ارزش ریال در مقابل ارزهای خارجی بازهم کاهش یافت و قیمت دلار آمریکا به بالای هفتاد هزارتومن رسید و در نتیجه از ارزش داشته های ریالی حال وآینده ی توده های مردم باز هم بیشتر کاسته شد. طی همین ده روز بسی از روزنامه های داخلی می گفتندکه اگر می خواهید پاسخ دهید بدهید زیرا ماندن میان پاسخ دادن و ندادن موجب می شود که هر روز به قیمت ارزها افزوده گردد و حال استرس بر جامعه حاکم شود!  

بنابراین خامنه ای نیاز داشت که با اقدامی، موقعیت روانی - فرهنگی و سیاسی فروتری را که در مقابل توده ها به ویژه پس از خیزش «زن زندگی آزادی» خواه در سیاست داخلی و خارجی پیدا کرده بود و کشتن فرماندهان پاسدارش آن را بدتر کرده و موجب مسخره شدن اش را در میان توده ها فراهم کرده بود، تغییر داده و خود را به موقعیت فراتر ارتقاء دهد تا بتواند بیشتر سیاست های خود را پیش برد و بهتر جنبش های توده ای را سرکوب کند.

این کار از زمان برنامه ریزی حمله طراحی شد. خامنه ای دوباره به گفته ی توده ها«بیرون بودن تار موی زنان» را «چالش» اصلی کشور خوانده و دوباره دستور داد که دارودسته های گشت ارشادی به خیابان ها بریزند و مانع از گسترش آزادی پوشش زنان شوند. طبق معمول هر کجا که کم می آورند و یا بوی جنبش و خیزش به مشام شان می رسد سراغ زنان می روند و به سرکوب زنان می پردازند تا جنبش در جامعه را به عقب برانند.

عملیات، بی نتیجه ای درخور هزینه اش

اما عملیات مزبور تا کنون نتوانسته هیچ کدام از آن نتایجی که خامنه ای و سران سپاه دنبال آن بودند به بار بیاورد. نه با این حملات پرخرج از جیب مردم ایران که حتی اگر آسیب هایی به مکان های نظامی و یا اطلاعاتی ای در اسرائیل وارد کرده باشد(سران سپاه گفته اند قصد آسیب زدن به محل های اقتصادی و جان مردم را نداشته اند) خرج و دخل اش به هم نمی خورد و در نتیجه عملا توخالی و پوچ است، جنبش توده ها آرام می گیرد و نه احتمالا پشتیبانان داخلی حکومت و یا نیروهای نیابتی اگر خام نشوند، اقناع و ارضاء می شوند. شکی نیست که های و هوی کرکننده بوق های تبلیغاتی سران جمهوری اسلامی هزارها برابر آن حمله و نتایجی است که حمله داشته است.

پاسخ اسرائیل؟

اما به ساده گی نمی توان گفت که این پایان ماجراست. دولت صهیونیستی اسرائیل و به همراه اش امپریالیست های آمریکایی و اروپایی سوی دیگر قضیه هستند.

دولت اسرائیل  در شرایط کنونی درگیری با جمهوری اسلامی را کمتر در خود و در چارچوب تضادهایش با جمهوری اسلامی و بیشتر در چارچوب تضادش با خلق فلسطین و سازمان حماس دنبال می کند( حمله به کنسولگری و کشتن سران سپاه قدس بیشتر به واسطه ی نقش آنها در جنگ غزه بود) و بنابراین بیشتر تابع وضعیت اش در قبال جنگ با خلق فلسطین است. از سوی دیگر جناح حاکم بر دولت اسرائیل به نقش دست زدن یا نزدن به این پاسخ یا جنگ در چارچوب حفظ موقعیت خود در قدرت و سرکوب مخالفت ها در اسرائیل توجه می کند.

اگر پاسخ به حمله ی خامنه ای و سران سپاه و تغییر محدود و یا کامل میدان جنگ بتواند به این دولت یاری کند که در در داخل و نیز در جنگ غزه موقعیت اش را بهبود بخشد( به ویژه در مورد وجهه اش در افکار عمومی) آن گاه پاسخ خواهد داد و این ممکن است مقابله ی کنونی را به جنگ تکامل دهد، و اگر نتواند به این دولت در حفظ خود در داخل و یا در این جنگ یاری کند پاسخ نخواهد داد.

در کنار منافع خاص دولت حاکم بر اسرائیل و نیز وضع این کشور در قبال جنگ با خلق فلسطین، منافع امپریالیست های آمریکایی و اروپایی و همچنین دولت های منطقه نیز مطرح است.

از این رو این احتمال نیز وجود دارد که اگر امپریالیست های آمریکایی وی اروپایی تداوم درگیری دولت اسرائیل را با ایران را به صلاح وضع حکومت خامنه ای و سران سپاه در ایران که سر وسر فراوان با دولت بایدن دارند و نیز شرایط منطقه و دولت های آن و همچنین آماده گی خودشان برای درگیری تازه نبینند و فکر کنند که تداوم این پاسخ ها اوضاع خاورمیانه را به هم می ریزد و بنابراین از دولت حاکم اسرائیل بخواهند که پاسخ ندهد، این امکان وجود دارد که دولت اسرائیل پاسخ ندهد و اوضاع را به حال خود رها کند تا فرصتی دیگر ضربه ای دیگر همچون ضربه های پیشین اش به نیروهای جمهوری اسلامی وارد کند.      

گروه مائوئیستی راه سرخ

ایران

26فروردین 1402


Google translate

Ain al-Assad II Khamenei and the IRGC chiefs

Noisier but more fake!

"Hard answer" was implemented!

Finally, Khamenei and his guards gave their "severe response" to Israel's attack on the Iranian consulate and the killing of 7 senior commanders of the Quds Force, including Mohammad Reza Zahedi, the commander of the Quds Force in Syria and Lebanon, and took their "severe revenge"!

This was done during an operation called "Honest Promise" and according to the news by firing 185 drones and 36 cruise missiles as well as 110 ballistic missiles at Israel, almost the majority of them (99% of them according to the Israeli government) in air and before they reach Israel, they were destroyed by the United States, England, France, Jordan, or in the air of the country by the Israeli military forces.

Notifying the time of the attack on America and Israel

Of course, the attack was not a surprise. As if three days before that, the time, number and type of drones and missiles that were going to be fired at Israel had been informed to the American government either directly or through the Arab countries. Therefore, both America and other countries, including Israel, knew exactly all aspects of Khamenei's attack and could have planned better and intercepted and destroyed the drones and missiles.

Planning to pour the few supporters of Khamenei into the street and launch a victory celebration

In addition to this attack, in a pre-planned plan by the IRGC and other agencies, they sent a handful of Hizballahites and breadwinners to the streets to fight at the same time as they fired drones and missiles. As the attack has not yet ended and its practical results were not clear, they celebrated this "great victory" as usual.

"End of Operation"

And finally, Bagheri, one of the IRGC chiefs, said after the shooting of the drones and missiles that the operation was "ended" from the point of view of the Islamic Republic and that he had "no intention to continue the operation". find an ear, especially from America, which is aware of all the points, and this country prevents Israel from retaliating!)

The attack is full of feathers and expensive but hollow

But based on the news published by the Israeli government, the majority of these drones and missiles were either shot down while reaching Israel or in Israeli airspace, and only some of them hit the ground without causing any serious damage. According to the statements of the Israeli government, one of the rockets managed to damage the infrastructure of one of the Israeli airbases, and at the same time, an Arab girl was injured in the head and is being treated in the hospital. (The results of the attack will be determined sooner or later by more independent sources, and it will be possible to verify the case more).

In our announcement with the name of Israel's attack on the Iranian consulate in Syria on April 16, 1403, we wrote:

"However, Khamenei and the current of the central core of power speak of a "hard response" and it is not clear that this time the Khamenei government and its guards will give a "hard response" through their proxies and in Iraq and Yemen. They attack American positions or ships, or they act independently and, for example, shoot missiles at Israel.

Regarding the rocket launch, the problem is that if they shoot a rocket themselves, they will hit it into Israeli cities because they do not know the end and the end of it, and therefore it may be more likely that if they do so as a "severe revenge" against America for the assassination of Qassem Soleimani. , shoot some rockets on the Israeli soil on the border of Syria! Although this time they will not inform the Israelis before that!"

Khamenei's main reasons for "tough answer"

If what the Israeli government says is true, then this was a high-profile but empty and fake attack. An expensive Hart and Port, among the reasons that Khamenei and the IRGC leaders have, two reasons are more important than others:

Reaction to being humiliated in front of internal values and vicarious forces

One is the humiliation of Khamenei and the guards in front of the internal forces supporting the government and also their proxies in the region during the attack of the Israeli government on the consulate and the killing of 7 commanders of the Quds Force and the so-called demand that they pull themselves out of this humiliation. They should raise their necks in front of them and let them know that "for 60 years no government has attacked Israel and several world powers are busy shooting our drones and missiles" and from this…

Khamenei's attack on the women's movement and the masses

And secondly, the internal conditions and the miserable economic and political situation that exists for the majority of the masses, which is getting worse and has the possibility of the masses rising and the formation of uprisings.

You have said that during these ten days before the "attack", the value of the rial against foreign currencies decreased again and the price of the US dollar reached over seventy thousand tomans, and as a result, the current and future value of the rial was further reduced by the masses of the people. During these ten days, many domestic newspapers said that if you want to answer, give it because staying between answering and not giving will cause the price of currencies to increase every day and stress will prevail on the society!

Therefore, Khamenei needed to take action to find the lower psychological-cultural and political position that he had found in front of the masses, especially after the rise of the "Free Life Woman" in domestic and foreign politics, and the killing of his guard commanders made it worse. He had caused ridicule among the masses, changed and promoted himself to a higher position so that he could further his policies and better suppress mass movements.

This was planned since the attack was planned. According to the masses, Khamenei again called "women's hair outside" as the main "challenge" of the country and again ordered the drug squads of the guidance patrol to pour into the streets and prevent the expansion of women's freedom of clothing. As usual, wherever they are lacking or the smell of a movement and uprising reaches them, they go to women and oppress women in order to push back the movement in the society.

The operation is worthless

But the said operation so far has not been able to bring any of the results that Khamenei and the IRGC leaders were looking for. Not with these expensive attacks from the pockets of the Iranian people, even if they have caused damage to military or intelligence sites in Israel (the IRGC chiefs have said that they did not intend to damage economic sites or people's lives) It does not mix and as a result it is practically empty and empty, the movement of the masses calms down and probably the internal supporters of the government or proxy forces will not be convinced and satisfied if they are not raw. There is no doubt that the deafening loudness of the propaganda horns of the leaders of the Islamic Republic is thousands of times the attack and the results of the attack.

Israel's response?

But it cannot simply be said that this is the end of the story. The Zionist state of Israel and along with it the American and European imperialists are on the other side of the issue.

In the current situation, the Israeli government pursues the conflict with the Islamic Republic less within itself and within the framework of its conflicts with the Islamic Republic and more within the framework of its conflict with the Palestinian people and the Hamas organization (the attack on the consulate and the killing of the leaders of the Quds Force mostly due to their role in It was the Gaza war) and therefore it is more subject to its situation in relation to the war with the Palestinian people. On the other hand, the ruling faction of the Israeli government pays attention to the role of touching or not touching this response or war in the framework of maintaining its position in power and suppressing opposition in Israel.

If the response to the attack by Khamenei and the commanders of the IRGC and the limited or complete change of the battlefield can help this government to improve its position both internally and in the Gaza war (especially regarding its image in public opinion) Sometimes it will respond, and this may evolve the current confrontation into war, and it will not respond if it cannot help this government to maintain itself internally or in this war.

In addition to the special interests of the ruling government of Israel and the situation of this country in relation to the war with the Palestinian people, the interests of the American and European imperialists as well as the regional governments are also discussed.

Therefore, there is also a possibility that if the American and European imperialists continue the conflict between the Israeli government and Iran, it will benefit the situation of the Khamenei government and the leaders of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps in Iran, who have a lot of trouble with the Biden government, as well as the conditions of the region and its governments. And also they do not see their readiness for a new conflict and think that the continuation of these answers will disturb the situation in the Middle East and therefore ask the ruling government of Israel not to respond, it is possible that the Israeli government will not respond and the situation will remain as it is. leave it so that he can strike another blow like his previous blows to the forces of the Islamic Republic.

Red Road Maoist group

Iran

April 14 2024